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Phonics instruction helps children learn the relationships between the letters of written language and the sound of spoken language. The NRP study found that programs of phonics instruction are effective when they are systematic and explicit. A program is systematic when the instructional plan includes carefully selected sets of letter-sound relationships that are organized into a logical sequence. A program is explicit when it provides teachers with precise directions for the teaching of these relationships or in other words, a program that is scripted. A program that is systematic and explicit in its overall design will significantly improve a child’s word recognition, spelling and reading comprehension skills.
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